I am a philosopher of science with a focus on cognitive science and biology. In my research, I draw on both philosophy and the science of comparative cognition to address a key question: How can we best understand nonhuman minds, whether those of animals or artificial systems? For instance, in Animal Minds (2024), I explore whether animals can reason about unobservable variables and evaluate the methods used to investigate this question. For a general introduction to this area of research, see the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry, ‘Methods in Comparative Cognition’.

I am a Fellow of Selwyn College, a Senior Research Fellow at the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, and an Associate Editor for the journal Philosophy of Science. Within Selwyn, I serve as the Director of Studies for History and Philosophy of Science and Study Skills Tutor. Beyond my academic work, I enjoy discussing developments in the study of animal and artificial minds with the public. You can find details of my engagement activities here.